As a for instance, I carry a taser, when my I take my dog on our longer walk, off my property.

Namely because I live in a rural area, with the border to my property being a working cattle ranch,

And my neighborhood's other border being a protected slough (swamp).

The rest of my neighborhood are all 5 acre minimum or larger lots, where people keep horses, and livestock.

We have alligators in every pond, wild boar, other such, plus everyone's livestock, with includes bulls, etc.

So, I carry the taser, because the sound of it, and the smell of its discharge, is enough to pattern interrupt a lot of those animals.

Because I don't want to shoot an animal threat I don't have to,

And, I don't want to risk blowback on my own self or dog with pepper spray if it is windy.

So, I use the sound of that taser, or a portable airhorn I carry, as my audible warnings signal / deterrent.

I also have a pistol on me at all times, and some other kit, but there are advantages to less lethals.

We do not always have to resort to firearms, nor our grapple fu or H2H.

The tasers I carry also are working flashlights.

I also have one that is more like a club, and has some distance on it, and also smaller models of tasers.

Grappling critters, ain't my jam.

But in my neighborhood, 4 legged threats are more common than 2 legged ones.

I know in Europe and the UK, laws are often stricter, regarding what private citizenry may own, or carry.

I myself am very fond of air guns, particularly those suitable to take game, although I do not hunt much anymore, and as an old fart, I don’t eat much, nor need much protein.

Anybody want to share their perspectives on alternative force multipliers, deterrents, or other such gadgetry or tools?